{"ikmk_id":"9816","primary_source_id":"0","title":"Caesarea Maritima","inventory_number":"035","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/sachbegriff\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"https:\/\/ikmk.uni-freiburg.de\/permalink\/0\/ID9816","publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":49,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/49","publisher_name":"Universit\u00e4t Freiburg, Seminar f\u00fcr Alte Geschichte","publisher_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-2425","publisher_isil_short":"DE-2425","UID":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-2425\/ID9816","legalBodyWeblink":"http:\/\/www.altegeschichte.uni-freiburg.de\/"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"92","owner_name":"Freiburg, Institut f\u00fcr Christliche Arch\u00e4ologie und Byzantinische Kunstgeschichte","owner_isil":"","owner_isil_short":"","owner_www_address":"http:\/\/www.byzanz.uni-freiburg.de\/","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/92","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/possession_kind\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"date_last":"2022-04-04 08:35:18","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"54","coin_status_name_de":"Stadt","coin_status_name_en":"City","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/city","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/muenzstand\/54"}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"39","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/land\/39","country_name_de":"Israel","country_name_en":"Israel","country_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/state_of_israel","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/294640","ikmk_region_id":"466","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/466","region_name":"Samaria","region_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/samaria","region_geoname_id":"","ikmk_mint_id":"605","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/ort\/605","mint_name":"Caesarea Maritima","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/caesareia_maritima","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/294716"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"2","material_name_de":"Bronze","material_name_en":"Bronze","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ae","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/2"},"diameter":"25 mm","die_axis":"6 h","weight":"14.26 g","accession":"","access_year":"1952","access_type":{"ikmk_access_type_id":"3","access_type_name":"Schenkung","access_type_nomisma_id":"","access_type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4052258-1","ndp_uir":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/zugangsart\/3"},"findspot":{"ikmk_country_id":"56","country_ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/land\/56","country_name_de":"Pal\u00e4stinensische Autonomiegebiete","country_name_en":"Palestinian Autonomous Region","country_nomisma_id":"","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/6254930","ikmk_findspot_id":"2551","findspot_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/ort\/2551","findspot_name":"Mamre (Ramat el-Khalil)","findspot_nomisma_id":"","findspot_geonames_id":""},"provenienz_extern":"","acquisition_date":null,"avers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"IMP C C VIB [GALLV]S P F AVG","image_description":"Panzerb\u00fcste des Trebonianus Gallus mit Lorbeerkranz nach r.","foto_date":"2017-09-02","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"11","photographer_name":"Johannes Eberhardt","photographer_gnd":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/115629715X","photographer_viaf":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/5876152451244806650000"},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/ikmk.uni-freiburg.de\/image\/ID9816\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/ikmk.uni-freiburg.de\/image\/ID9816\/vs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/ikmk.uni-freiburg.de\/image\/ID9816\/vs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/ikmk.uni-freiburg.de\/image\/ID9816\/vs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1526574916,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Freiburg, Institut f\u00fcr Christliche Arch\u00e4ologie und Byzantinische Kunstgeschichte, ID9816. Aufnahme durch Johannes Eberhardt.","en":"Image files are licensed Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Freiburg, Institut f\u00fcr Christliche Arch\u00e4ologie und Byzantinische Kunstgeschichte, ID9816. Photographs by Johannes Eberhardt."}},"revers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"COL P [F AV]G F CA-[E]S METR S [P]","image_description":"Tyche steht mit dem r. Fu\u00df auf einem Schiffsbug (prora) nach l. Sie h\u00e4lt eine B\u00fcste mit der r. und ein Zepter in der l. Hand. Daneben r. ein Hafengott mit Anker.","foto_date":"2017-09-02","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"11","photographer_name":"Johannes Eberhardt","photographer_gnd":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/115629715X","photographer_viaf":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/5876152451244806650000"},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/ikmk.uni-freiburg.de\/image\/ID9816\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/ikmk.uni-freiburg.de\/image\/ID9816\/rs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/ikmk.uni-freiburg.de\/image\/ID9816\/rs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/ikmk.uni-freiburg.de\/image\/ID9816\/rs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1526574916,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Freiburg, Institut f\u00fcr Christliche Arch\u00e4ologie und Byzantinische Kunstgeschichte, ID9816. Aufnahme durch Johannes Eberhardt.","en":"Image files are licensed Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Freiburg, Institut f\u00fcr Christliche Arch\u00e4ologie und Byzantinische Kunstgeschichte, ID9816. Photographs by Johannes Eberhardt."}},"division":{"ikmk_division_id":"1","division_name_de":"Antike","division_name_en":"Antiquity"},"sub_division":{"ikmk_subdivision_id":"6","subdivision_name_de":"Griechen, R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit","subdivision_name_en":"Greek, Roman Imperial period"},"literatur":"RPC IX Nr. 2122 (Caesarea Maritima, 251-253 n. Chr.); BMC Palestine 39 Nr. 205 (Caesarea Maritima, 251-253 n. Chr.); Y. Meshorer \/ G. Bijovsky \/ W. Fischer-Bossert, Coins of the Holy Land. The Abraham and Marian Sofaer Collection at the American Numismatic Society and the Israel Museum (Band 1), 32 Nr. 155 (Caesarea Maritima, 251-253 n. Chr.); E. Mader, Mambre. Die Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen im Heiligen Bezirk R\u00e2met el-\u1e2aal\u00eel in S\u00fcdpal\u00e4stina 1926-1928, Textband (1957) 169 (dort Traianus Decius zugeordnet).","comment":"Fundort: Westmauer, au\u00dfen, siehe dazu Mader Kartelle Nr. 29.","period":{"ikmk_period_id":"4","period_name":"R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit","period_description":"30 v. - 283 n. Chr.","period_concept_id":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020541","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/periode\/4"},"year_start":"251","year_end":"253","date_verbal":"251-253 n. Chr.","year_islam":"0","references":[{"ikmk_referenz_id":253,"souce":"RPC IX","number":"2122","similar":"0"}],"type_references":{"10054":"http:\/\/rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk\/coins\/9\/2122\/"},"manufacturing":[{"ikmk_manufacturing_id":"21","manufacturing_name_de":"gepr\u00e4gt","manufacturing_name_en":"struck","nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/struck","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/herstellungtyp\/21"}],"linked_persons_corporations":{"50":{"ikmk_type_id":"50","type_name_de":"Vorbesitzer","type_name_en":"previous Owner","type_nomisma_id":"","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4447273-0","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/persontype\/50","items":{"10409":{"ikmk_person_id":"10409","title":"Prof. Dr.","first_name":"Alfons Maria","last_name":"Schneider","person_gnd_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118124048","person_viaf_id":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/44384567","vitalDates":"16.06.1896 - 04.10.1952","person_nomisma_id":null,"person_wikipedia_de_id":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alfons_Maria_Schneider","person_wikipedia_en_id":null,"corporation":"0","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/10409","year_from":"0","year_until":"1952"},"10410":{"ikmk_person_id":"10410","title":null,"first_name":"Andreas Evaristus","last_name":"Mader","person_gnd_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/123373638","person_viaf_id":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/20587401","vitalDates":"09.01.1881 - 13.03.1949","person_nomisma_id":null,"person_wikipedia_de_id":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andreas_Evaristus_Mader","person_wikipedia_en_id":null,"corporation":"0","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/10410","year_from":"1928","year_until":"0"}}},"54":{"ikmk_type_id":"54","type_name_de":"Dargestellte\/r","type_name_en":"Sitter","type_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/portrait","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300189844","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/persontype\/54","items":{"1456":{"ikmk_person_id":"1456","title":"","first_name":"","last_name":"Trebonianus Gallus","person_gnd_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/129344966","person_viaf_id":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/77390962","vitalDates":"um 206-253 n. Chr.","person_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/trebonianus_gallus","person_wikipedia_de_id":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trebonianus_Gallus","person_wikipedia_en_id":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trebonianus_Gallus","corporation":"0","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/1456"}}}},"keywords":[{"ikmk_keyword_id":"1","keyword":"Antike","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4068754-5","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300055818"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"71","keyword":"Bronze \/ Kupfer","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4146667-6","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/www.nomisma.org\/id\/ae"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"48","keyword":"Personifikationen","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4137737-0","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300055905"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"43","keyword":"Portr\u00e4ts","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4006627-7","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300015637"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"7","keyword":"R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit, 1. Jh. v. Chr.-3. Jh.","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/7512142-6","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020541"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"38","keyword":"St\u00e4dte","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4056723-0","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/city"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"26","keyword":"Vorderer Orient","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4068878-1","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300019571"}],"timeline_themes":[{"ikmk_timeline_id":"45","timeline_item":"Die Krise des 3. Jahrhunderts n. Chr.","description":"Mit dem Ende der Severischen Kaiserfamilie (193\u2013235 n. Chr.) wurden zahlreiche Probleme des r\u00f6mischen Reiches offensichtlich. Barbarische St\u00e4mme bedrohten die Grenzgebiete, das dort stationierte Heer rief in schneller Folge einzelne Befehlshaber zu Kaisern aus. Die Zentrale in Rom verlor zunehmend und immer h\u00e4ufiger die Kontrolle \u00fcber einzelne Provinzen: Die Epoche der sogenannten Soldatenkaiser hatte begonnen. Diese krisenhafte Situation wurde ab der Mitte des 3. Jhs. n. Chr. besonders augenscheinlich. Valerianus I. (reg. ab 254) geriet 260 n. Chr. als erster r\u00f6mischer Kaiser in Gefangenschaft, sein Sohn Gallienus hatte mit zahlreichen Usurpatoren und Abspaltungen zu k\u00e4mpfen. In diese Zeit f\u00e4llt aber nicht nur der H\u00f6hepunkt der Geldentwertung als ein Kennzeichen der andauernden wirtschaftlichen Krise, sondern auch erste Ans\u00e4tze von Reformversuchen des Milit\u00e4rs, der Verwaltung und des Finanzwesens durch Gallienus und seine Nachfolger. Wirklicher Erfolg sollte aber erst den umfangreichen Ma\u00dfnahmen des Diocletianus (reg. 284\u2013305 n. Chr.) verg\u00f6nnt sein.","year_from":"235","year_until":"283","autor":"Dahmen, Karsten"}],"restore":"no","text_right":{"short":"CC BY-SA 4.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/l\/by-sa\/4.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International","en":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International"},"string":{"de":"Texte und Beschreibungen in diesem Online-Katalog stehen unter einer CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a> Lizenz.","en":"Texts and descriptions of this catalogue are licensed CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>."}},"lod_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"},"string":{"de":"Verwendete LOD-Identifikatoren sind PDM 1.0<\/a>.","en":"LOD ids used are licensed Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>."}},"image_restriction_id":0,"image_restriction":"free","image_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"}}}